How Long Does It Take to Get Spanish Citizenship After the Oath?

Acquiring Spanish citizenship is a significant milestone for many expats and foreign residents. However, the timeline for actually receiving citizenship after taking the oath ("Jura de Nacionalidad") can be somewhat nebulous.

Upon successfully completing the citizenship process, applicants must take an oath of allegiance. This is often seen as the final step in a lengthy journey. Yet, what follows this commitment? The waiting period can vary greatly, depending on several factors.

Typically, the timeframe for receiving official documentation post-oath can range from a few minutes to over a 4 months. This variability hinges on factors such as administrative efficiency, the volume of applications, and specific regional practices within Spain.

One critical aspect to consider is the type of citizenship being pursued. For instance, individuals applying through residency might experience a different timeline compared to those obtaining citizenship through the Ley de Memoria Democrática. Equally, those formalizing the oath before some Notary might experience a different timeline than those formalizing the oath before the Civil Registry. Each pathway has its own set of bureaucratic nuances. At this moment, we are advicing clients to formalize the oath before the Civil Regitry because doing that at the Notary has some costs and it does not speed up the process. It may be interesting because of other reasons but not because of the timing. 

Moreover, the regional authorities may influence processing times. In some areas, Civil Registries might have streamlined procedures, while others may struggle with backlogs. This inconsistency across Spain can create confusion for applicants eagerly awaiting their new status.

After taking the oath at some Notary, the applicant's documentation is typically sent to the Civil Registry. This is where the official recognition of citizenship occurs. However, delays can arise if there are errors in paperwork or if additional documentation is required. Thus, meticulous attention to detail in the application process is paramount and formalizing this before the Civil Registry itself may lower the risk of mistakes.

Interestingly, the period of waiting can also be impacted by the applicant's personal circumstances. For example, those with complex cases, such as legal issues or missing documents, may find themselves in a prolonged limbo. In contrast, straightforward applications often move along more quickly.

Furthermore, the importance of following up cannot be overstated. Engaging with the relevant authorities periodically can provide insights into the status of an application. This proactive approach can sometimes expedite the process, as it demonstrates an applicant's commitment and attentiveness.

In addition, understanding the role of legal advisors can be beneficial. Many individuals choose to work with lawyers who specialize in immigration matters. These professionals can navigate the complexities of the system, potentially reducing wait times through expert guidance and advocacy.

It's also worth noting that the Spanish government has made efforts to improve processing times in recent years. Initiatives aimed at modernizing the bureaucracy and enhancing digital services have shown promise in expediting citizenship applications. This evolution reflects a broader trend towards efficiency in public administration.

On the other hand, the emotional aspect of waiting for citizenship cannot be ignored. For many, this period is filled with anticipation and uncertainty. The desire to fully integrate into Spanish society often heightens the urgency of the situation. As a result, patience becomes a critical virtue during this transitional phase.

Moreover, once citizenship is granted, the benefits are extensive. Citizens gain access to a wide array of rights, including the ability to vote, work in any EU country, and enjoy the privileges that come with being a member of the European community. This realization often fuels the desire for a swift resolution.

In conclusion, while the timeframe for obtaining Spanish citizenship after taking the oath can vary widely, understanding the contributing factors can empower applicants. Whether it's the type of application, regional differences, or personal circumstances, each element plays a role in shaping the experience. Therefore, remain informed and proactive throughout the process to enhance your chances of a timely resolution.

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Juan Ignacio Villacampa, Abogado 6160 del Real e Ilustre Colegio de Abogados de Zaragoza

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